989 results
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
SvO2 → Low PaO2 ... CaO2Low SvO2 ... → Low PaO2 CYTOPATHIC ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #pathophysiology
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
A-a gradient = PAO2 ... - PaO2 A-a gradient ... flail chest) • Low ... , Low Fio2 A-a ... #differential #diagnosis
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Once ... filling of bucket (low ... #Algorithm #Causes ... #workup #nephrology
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

#Hyperkalemia #Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm #PseudoHyperkalemia #Nephrology #Causes
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm #Hyperkalemia ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #PseudoHyperkalemia ... #Nephrology #Causes
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acidemia (pH < 7.35)
 • Metabolic Acidosis (HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Acidemia ... Respiratory Acidosis (pCO2 ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Volume ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis ... Algorithm UOsm ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #hyponatremia #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm GI Losses ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology ... #Algorithm #Causes
Nephrotic Syndrome - Primary vs Secodary - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

#Nephrotic #Syndrome #Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm #Primary #Secondary
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm #Nephrotic ... #Algorithm #Primary ... #Secondary #Nephrology ... #Causes