85 results
Rapidly Growing Mycobacterial Infections

 • Mycobacterium abscessus - Is the most pathogenic and the most likely
pulmonary infection ... with underlying lung ... disease. 15% mortality ... as disseminated disease ... It can also cause
Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILD)
Exposure-Related ILD (a.k.a. extrinsic allergic alveolitis): 
 • Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, Farmer's lung, Bird
ILD caused by inhalation ... • Idiopathic pulmonary ... Churg Strauss syndrome ... #differential #pulmonary ... #causes
Cystic Lung Disease
Upper Lobe Predominant: 
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, Pneumocystis Jiroveci, Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis, Neurofibromatosis Type 1, Paracoccidioidomycosis,
Cystic Lung Disease ... Ehlers-danlos Syndrome ... nickmmark #Cystic #Lung ... #diagnosis #causes ... #pulmonary
Causes of Pleural Effusion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transudate - Hydrostatic
 • Congestive heart failure
 • Constrictive
Causes of Pleural ... Pneumonectomy • Trapped lung ... Urinothorax Exudate - Infectious ... Malignancy • Pulmonary ... Gastrointestinal disease
Right-Sided Heart Failure - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac Causes - Rule out Left-Sided Heart Failure (Most Common):
Disease • ... Diffuse Lung Disease ... Respiratory Distress Syndrome ... • Chronic Lung ... Infection
Causes of Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Massive Hemoptysis (>I00 mL in 24 hours)
 • Malignancy
 •
Causes of Hemoptysis ... Malformation Normal CXR/CT ... Bronchitis Diffuse CT ... Vasculitis Infection ... Goodpasture's Syndrome
Causes of Diffuse Lung Disease. 
Collagen vascular 
 - Scleroderma 
 - Rheumatoid arthritis 
 -
Causes of Diffuse ... Lung Disease. ... Churg-Strauss syndrome ... cell arteritis Infectious ... #Diffuse #Lung
Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Airways: 
 • Bronchitis
 • Bronchiectasis
 • Malignancy: Primary bronchogenic CA, Endobronchial
Parenchyma: • Infection ... westermani, PNA, Lung ... , Idiopathic pulmonary ... • Valvular Disease ... #causes
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Pulmonary Renal ... Syndrome Definition ... allopurinol), Infection ... resolution chest CT ... DAH, rule out infection
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
Chronic inflammation causes ... Most Common Causes ... in the adjacent lung ... of the affected lung ... high-resolution chest CT