22 results
Pulmonary Infections in HIV-AIDS
Bacterial: 
 • No organism identified, Strep pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S.aureus, Streptococcus Grp
failure, COPD, Lung ... Evaluation: Imaging (CXR ... +/- High res CT ... Fungal, AFB), TB ... Diseases Fellows
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Toxoplasmosis (CD4 ... lesions • 80% with lung ... including: M, avium, TB ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... #diagnosis #causes
Chronic Cough - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red Flags:
 • Fever, night sweats, chills (infection)
 • Weight loss,
sweats, chills (infection ... disease or CHF) ... ) • Abnormal CXR ... refer + order CT ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
characteristic features Clinical ... and Culture • CXR ... Tuberculosis Treatment ... Initiating Treatment ... • Check CXR and
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
polymicrobial infection ... • Most common cause ... Lung Abscess - Clinical ... seen • Chest CT ... westermani • Other: TB
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
characteristic features Clinical ... and Culture • CXR ... Tuberculosis Treatment ... Initiating Treatment ... • Check CXR and
Bronchiectasis - Permanent dilation of an airway
WHAT CAN YOU SEE ON CT?
1) Lack of tapering of
CAN YOU SEE ON CT ... Immunodeficiency 3) Infection ... (Bacterial, TB, ... Rheumatologic/Autoimmune diseae ... pulmonary #diagnosis #differential
Miliary Pattern - Chest Radiology
 • Miliary opacities are scattered, small (1 -4 mm) nodules
 •
throughout the lungs ... hematogenous spread of a disease ... Opacities: • Infectious ... diagnosis #pulmonary #CXR ... #clinical #CT
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... should be based on clinical ... Antimicrobial treatment ... enhancement on CT ... Demyelinating disease
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
Most Common Causes ... : TB, NTM, PNA ... high-resolution chest CT ... mycobacteria Treatment ... Bronchiectasis #pulmonary #differential