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diagnosis differential management pulmonary infectiousdiseases radiology activetb aids brain cns hiv latenttb lung neurology abscess antimicrobials bronchiectasis broncholithiasis chest classification
Pulmonary Infections in HIV-AIDS Bacterial: • No organism identified, Strep pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S.aureus, Streptococcus Grp
failure, COPD, Lung ... Evaluation: Imaging (CXR ... +/- High res CT ... Fungal, AFB), TB ... Diseases Fellows
Tuberculosis Overview 10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
characteristic features Clinical ... and Culture • CXR ... Treatment: Active ... • Check CXR and ... #Management #Treatment
Tuberculosis Overview 10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
characteristic features Clinical ... and Culture • CXR ... Treatment: Active ... • Check CXR and ... #Management #Treatment
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions: • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100) • Other
Toxoplasmosis (CD4 ... lesions • 80% with lung ... including: M, avium, TB ... Bacterial • Tuberculosis ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Tuberculin Skin Test Interpretation - Threshold for treatment Induration cutoff >5mm: • Recent exposure to an individual
Threshold for treatment ... • Abnormal CXR ... disease • HIV ... carcinoma of head/neck/lung ... individuals #Tuberculosis
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary Epidemiology: - Typically from TB endemic areas -
Pott's Disease in ... extrapulmonary cases ... Clinical Signs ... tissue damage - CXR ... involvement - CT
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary Lung Abscess Etiology: • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
polymicrobial infection ... • Most common cause ... Lung Abscess - Clinical ... seen • Chest CT ... westermani • Other: TB
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework Disease by CD4 Count: Any CD4 Count: • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
Lung Infections ... Diagnosis Framework Disease ... • CT: Halo sign ... factor • May cause ... infiltrates, mimicking TB
Miliary Pattern - Chest Radiology • Miliary opacities are scattered, small (1 -4 mm) nodules •
throughout the lungs ... hematogenous spread of a disease ... Mycobacterium: Tuberculosis ... diagnosis #pulmonary #CXR ... #clinical #CT
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections: •
should be based on clinical ... Antimicrobial treatment ... enhancement on CT ... Demyelinating disease ... caused by the JC
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