13 results
Chronic Cough - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red Flags:
 • Fever, night sweats, chills (infection)
 • Weight loss,
Dyspnea (underlying lung ... disease or CHF) ... • Hemoptysis (blood ... ) • Abnormal CXR ... refer + order CT
Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme present in tissues throughout
) - Differential ... deficiency of red blood ... Prosthetic valves Lung ... Pneumonia • Other lung ... hepatitis • Acute
LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE.
•	Cytoplasmic enzyme present in tissues throughout the body. 
•	Oxidoreductase, enzyme of the anaerobic metabolic pathway.
•	Heart,
muscle, kidney, lung ... • CSF LDH increases ... general indicator of acute ... and chronic diseases ... , have differential
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
anemia • Sputum/Blood ... cultures • CXR ... ) • CXR upright ... seen • Chest CT ... Abscess Differential
Pulmonary Infections in HIV-AIDS
Bacterial: 
 • No organism identified, Strep pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S.aureus, Streptococcus Grp
failure, COPD, Lung ... +/- High res CT ... scan), CBC/diff, Blood ... PCP DFA sputum, LDH ... Infectious Diseases
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
- Differential ... syndrome, Congestion/CHF ... CA, small cell lung ... muscle, kidneys • LDH ... intestines, white blood
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
: weight gain, lung ... pressure: systolic blood ... HFrEF may lack lung ... CXR congestion. ... coronary artery disease
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
in the adjacent lung ... of the affected lung ... high-resolution chest CT ... abnormal in adults • Blood ... Bronchiectasis #pulmonary #differential
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
verrucous) • Lung ... , Pancreas, Gastric ... Microbiology: Blood ... Culture (+): Acute ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
Acute Hemolytic ... ↓haptoglobin, ↑LDH ... Transfusion Related Acute ... Lung Injury (TRALI ... patients with CHF