14 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Hypercalcemia, Hypermagnesemia ... Hypocalcemia, Hypomagnesemia ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Renal tubular acidosis ... Catecholamines - Alkalosis ... Eric Strong https ... #Potassium #Table ... Classification #Causes
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Eric Strong https ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Low # ... Magnesium #Table ... #Workup #hypomg
AEIOU TIPS - Mnemonic for Causes of Altered Mental Status
A - Alcohol, Acidosis, Ammonia, Arrhythmia
E -
Status A - Alcohol, Acidosis ... Poisoning S - Stroke ... #MentalStatus #AMS ... encephalopathy #diagnosis ... #differential #
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... #Algorithm #Diagnosis ... #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
- Differential ... with renal tubal acidosis ... and metabolic alkalosis ... fluids, Burns, Pancreatitis ... #Causes #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Gitelman syndrome, Hypomagnesemia ... the indicated causes ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential # ... diagnosis
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis ... Renal tubular acidosis ... exercise, Heat stroke ... #differential # ... diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis: Differential ... chronic respiratory acidosis ... Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
- Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology