20 results
Inflammatory Cascade: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Continued Innate Immunity
 • Phagocytosis: (main mechanism) neutrophils and macrophages engulf
engulf foreign pathogens ... dead tissue • Complement ... System: opsonize pathogen ... activation of complement ... #Inflammation #pathophysiology
Humoral Immunity - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Antigens (Ag) are produced from pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites)
produced from pathogens ... activation • Complement ... Opsonization: Abs coat pathogens ... Neutralization: Abs bind to pathogen ... Humoral #Immunity #pathophysiology
C5-C9 Deficiency - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Note:
 • Risk of invasive meningococcal disease is 1000-10000x higher
is rare Normal complement ... response: The complement ... response to bacterial pathogens ... tissue -> Fatigue, fever ... #pathophysiology
Algorithm for the differentiation between simple and complex febrile seizures. Guidelines for evaluation of each. #Diagnosis
Algorithm for the ... Diagnosis #Management #EM ... FebrileSeizure #Fever ... #Seizure #Algorithm
Gonorrhea: Pathophysiology

 - Neonatal Transmission -> Direct contact of patient mucosa with mother's infected mucosa while
Gonorrhea: Pathophysiology ... eradication of pathogen ... Pathogen cleared ... activation of complement ... #Gonorrhea #Pathophysiology
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
three primary pathophysiologic ... staining): • Low Complement ... Idiopathic • Normal Complement ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm
ID Approach to Fever and Rash - Diagnostic Algorithm
Central Maculopapular (most common):
Measles, Parvovirus 819 / EBV,
ID Approach to Fever ... Rash - Diagnostic Algorithm ... Secondary syphilis, EM ... Viral hemorrhagic fevers ... Febrile #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Maculopapular - Diagnostic Algorithm
Pathophysiology:
- Catch-all term with a wide range of potential pathophysiologic mechanisms and causative
Maculopapular - Diagnostic Algorithm ... Pathophysiology ... - Pathophysiology ... instability - New-onset fever ... Color #Targetoid #Algorithm
Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO) - Further Workup

 • CNS symptoms? Get an LP and imaging
Fever of Unknown ... Refer to your ‘Fever ... Returning Traveler’ algorithm ... respective fungal pathogens ... udaygulati #FUO #Fever
Hypersensitivity Types and Their Mechanisms
Type I - lgE - Soluble antigen
 - Allergen-specific lgE antibodies bind
, seasonal hay fever ... antigen, leading to complement ... Complement activation ... Classification #Pathophysiology