16 results
Inflammatory Cascade: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Continued Innate Immunity
 • Phagocytosis: (main mechanism) neutrophils and macrophages engulf
engulf foreign pathogens ... dead tissue • Complement ... System: opsonize pathogen ... activation of complement ... #Inflammation #pathophysiology
Humoral Immunity - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Antigens (Ag) are produced from pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites)
produced from pathogens ... activation • Complement ... Opsonization: Abs coat pathogens ... Neutralization: Abs bind to pathogen ... Humoral #Immunity #pathophysiology
C5-C9 Deficiency - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Note:
 • Risk of invasive meningococcal disease is 1000-10000x higher
is rare Normal complement ... response: The complement ... response to bacterial pathogens ... tissue -> Fatigue, fever ... #pathophysiology
Gonorrhea: Pathophysiology

 - Neonatal Transmission -> Direct contact of patient mucosa with mother's infected mucosa while
Gonorrhea: Pathophysiology ... eradication of pathogen ... Pathogen cleared ... activation of complement ... #Gonorrhea #Pathophysiology
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
three primary pathophysiologic ... staining): • Low Complement ... Idiopathic • Normal Complement ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm
Maculopapular - Diagnostic Algorithm
Pathophysiology:
- Catch-all term with a wide range of potential pathophysiologic mechanisms and causative
Maculopapular - Diagnostic Algorithm ... Pathophysiology ... - Pathophysiology ... instability - New-onset fever ... Color #Targetoid #Algorithm
Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO) - Further Workup

 • CNS symptoms? Get an LP and imaging
Fever of Unknown ... Refer to your ‘Fever ... Returning Traveler’ algorithm ... respective fungal pathogens ... udaygulati #FUO #Fever
Hypersensitivity Types and Their Mechanisms
Type I - lgE - Soluble antigen
 - Allergen-specific lgE antibodies bind
, seasonal hay fever ... antigen, leading to complement ... Complement activation ... Classification #Pathophysiology
Pathogenesis of Rheumatic Fever

Pathogenesis of rheumatic fever. 
1. GAS pharyngitis leads to antigenic presentation of pathogenic
Pathogenesis of Rheumatic Fever ... Pathogenesis of rheumatic fever ... presentation of pathogenic ... #Rheumatic #Fever ... #Pathophysiology
Rigors And Bacteremia - Overview

• Rigors are a response to the release of cytokines and prostaglandins
response to a pathogen ... hypothalamus → fever ... PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: ... Rigors #Bacteremia #Pathophysiology