35 results
Hypomagnesemia (Serum level < 1.7 mg/dL)
Neuromuscular manifestations 
 • Tremor, tetany, seizures 
 • Weakness
Hypomagnesemia ( ... Hypokalemia • Renal ... potassium wasting ... • Parathyroid hormone ... Signs #Symptoms #Diagnosis
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Differential Diagnosis ... Renal Causes of ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Poor ... Mineralocorticoid excess - Renal ... - Polyuria - Hypomagnesemia ... #Potassium #Table
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... inappropriate antidiuretic hormone ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... • Acute renal ... #Hyperkalemia #Diagnosis ... #algorithm #nephrology ... #potassium #differential
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
Redistribution:
 - IV glucose
 - Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis
 - IV hyperalimentation
 - Refeeding
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... osmotic diuresis - Potassium ... inappropriate antidiuretic hormone ... #Causes #diagnosis ... #differential #
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Hypercalcemia, Hypermagnesemia ... Hypocalcemia, Hypomagnesemia ... Testing #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... K loss • Hypomagnesemia-induced ... #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Hypomagnesemia - ... diarrhea / IBD Renal ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Low # ... Magnesium #Table
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
Approach to Hypomagnesemia ... cells FEMg >4% = renal ... #algorithm #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium