10 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... BPH • Prostate cancer ... #urology #nephrology ... #renal #urine # ... blood
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
, urine microscopy ... osmolarity If cause ... and signs • Glomerulonephritis ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
suggests extra-renal ... urinary losses: • High ... - Metabolic acidosis ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... cell - Glomerulonephritis ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... #Differential # ... Microscopy #Diagnosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
• Normal/low blood ... the indicated causes ... , a high urine chloride ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
Pulmonary Renal ... Renal Syndromes ... Goodpasture's cause ... reveals increasing blood ... #Renal #Syndromes
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Base Disorders - Blood ... Interpretation Steps for Blood ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Tumor lysis syndrome ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Tumor lysis syndrome ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
- Differential ... removal from the blood ... excretion (e.g., urine ... output - Acute pulmonary ... - Compartment syndrome