7 results
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
Stork test) • XR ... — scotty dog sign ... Spondylolisthesis #MSK ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
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Diagnosis and Management ... cases Clinical Signs ... years - May have signs ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology ... tissue damage - CXR
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... , dyspnea, +/- CXR ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... Lysis Syndrome: • Pathophysiology ... TLS #diagnosis #management
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
More Specific Signs ... Less Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... acute HF → no signs ... of CXR congestion
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Diagnosis and Management ... survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... e.g. incidental CXR ... anterior/posterior MSK ... #Signs #Symptoms
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
10-33% develop MS ... monophasic Pathophysiology ... • Bilateral signs ... and/or symptoms ... Myelitis #diagnosis #management
Diffuse Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)
 - Pulmonary Fibrosis -> Crackles, Abnormal CXR
 - Pulmonary Hypertension, Right Heart
Crackles, Abnormal CXR ... Renal Failure - Mask ... #Scleroderma #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms