18 results
Woltman’s sign on Physical Exam

53-year-old man presented with fatigue and sensitivity to cold. A physical examination
Woltman’s sign on ... reflex — Woltman’s sign ... a diagnosis of primary ... Woltman’s sign, ... #Woltmans #Signs
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
↑Phosphate Physical ... Symptoms: Commonly ... no signs, Fragile ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis #endocrinology ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Achilles Tendon Rupture - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • The Achilles tendon is 15cm long in
pre-determined etiology Signs ... - Weakness to ankle ... TendonRupture #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #pathophysiology ... #msk #orthopedics
Primary Hyperthyroidism - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Note: Although rare, gestational diseases can lead to thyrotoxicosis due
Primary Hyperthyroidism ... Signs/Symptoms: ... Pretibial myxedema #Primary ... Hyperthyroidism #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
vomiting • Fatigue Signs ... Cortisol Deficiency: Signs ... Reduced libido • Signs ... : - Symptoms/physical ... #diagnosis #signs
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
lumbar spine Signs ... reflexes) • Urinary ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... #pathophysiology ... #signs
Lower Urinary Tract Infection: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

- Predisposing Factors:  Immunocompromised state, diabetes, elderly, female
bypasses body's physical ... epithelium and causing symptoms ... Signs/Symptoms ... UrinaryTractInfection #LUTI #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms
Acute Closed Angle Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
OPHTHALMIC EMERGENCY: Early detection is essential, but most patients
lights are a key symptom ... damage & blindness Signs ... / Symptoms / Complications ... ClosedAngle #Glaucoma #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Scoliosis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings (Cobb Angle > 10 Degrees)

 • Incr Axial rotation of thoracic
findings (Cobb Angle ... vertebra (Cobb Angle ... #Scoliosis #pathophysiology ... #msk #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms