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neurology differential signs management msk spinalcord syndromes acute als alzheimersdisease amyotrophic barre cauda causes comatose cord dementia equina gbs geriatrics
Cauda Equina Syndrome Causes: • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central) • Severe lumbar spondylosis • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... of normal leg reflexes ... #CaudaEquina #Syndrome ... #MSK #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview Cauda Equina Syndrome: • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr •
spine L1-L5 Symptoms ... so-called ‘red flag’ symptoms ... Differential Diagnosis ... decompression #CaudaEquina ... #differential #diagnosis
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Complete loss of motor ... upper and lower motor ... bladder and rectal reflex ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Meralgia paresthetica: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings Compression/injury of Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (LFCN) -> Meralgia paresthetica •
sensory • Before diagnosis ... spinal stenosis, lumbar ... , motor abnormalities ... gait, strength, reflexes ... MeralgiaParesthetica #MSK #pathophysiology
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient Definition: • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
Differential Diagnosis ... Unresponsive wakefulness syndrome ... • Locked-in syndrome ... • Mutism Pathophysiology ... caseyalbin #PhysicalExam
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases): - Increasing
mutations - Down syndrome ... concentration • Motor ... seizure, primitive reflexes ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia #pathophysiology ... #geriatrics #diagnosis
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
neuron symptoms ... lesion - Upper motor ... neuron symptoms ... herniation - Lumbar ... #differential #diagnosis
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... - Disease of motor ... Increased Jaw Jerk reflex ... fasciculations Common Symptoms ... nerve cells and motor
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness Epidemiology: • Incidence: 1
Guillain-Barré Syndrome ... depressed deep tendon reflexes ... : • Lumber Puncture ... than one after symptom ... the underlying pathophysiology
Transverse Myelitis Overview Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... Spasticity - Reflexes ... : • Sensory, motor ... Bilateral signs and/or symptoms ... - Vasculitis- Heroin
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