12 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... papilledema • Horner syndrome ... history of cancer, HIV ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... #Algorithm #neurology
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
Signs and Symptoms ... pulsations on funduscopy ... deficits (CN Ill, IV ... #signs #symptoms ... #differential #diagnosis
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ... (IRIS): • In HIV ... later stage) • Headache ... • Papilledema, headache ... #Tuberculosis #diagnosis
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
ulceration • Ocular ... skin injury) • Neurologic ... meningitis), MCC CNS symptoms ... (headache and diplopia ... #signs #symptoms
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
characterized by: • Headache ... mental status • Headache ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... Neurological symptoms ... #neurology
Syphilis - Clinical Manifestations and Treatment

1) Primary Syphilis
 • Direct lesion contact during sex is responsible
Albuminuria, nephrotic syndrome ... , meningitis, ocular ... individuals with HIV ... infected without symptoms ... Syphilis #stages #diagnosis
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
dementia Pathophysiology ... • Depressive symptoms ... Diagnosis: MRI ... The clinical syndrome ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Presentation: Systemic Symptoms ... 50 years • New headache ... • Progressive symptoms ... of headache, cognitive ... impairment, neurologic
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Pneumonia: • 3 syndromes ... of a "flu-like syndrome ... cough, myalgias, headache ... Constitutional symptoms
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: 1
Guillain-Barré Syndrome ... immunodeficiency virus (HIV ... than one after symptom ... the underlying pathophysiology ... #neurology