13 results
Brudzinski’s Sign in Meningitis (first described in 19th century by Dr. Josef Brudzinski)

Brudzinski's sign is characterized
flexion of the knees ... While the pathophysiology ... an involuntary reflex ... despite severe disease ... Clinical #Video #PhysicalExam
Diagram of different types of bone tumors that can occur around the knee on XRay -
occur around the knee ... • Giant cell tumor ... blade of grass sign ... #Bone #Tumors #Diagnosis ... Radiology #XRay #msk
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
/ Symptoms / Complications ... partial retinal red reflex ... Retinoblastoma #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
- Differential Diagnosis ... - Systemic disease ... - Giant cell tumor ... #differential #diagnosis ... #msk #physicalexam
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
Alzheimer’s Disease ... / Symptoms / Complications ... seizure, primitive reflexes ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia #pathophysiology ... #geriatrics #diagnosis
Diagram of different types of bone tumors that can occur around the knee on XRay
Age <
occur around the knee ... • Giant cell tumor ... blade of grass sign ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Radiology #XRay #MSK
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
/ Symptoms / Complications ... of normal leg reflexes ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms
Ankylosing Spondylitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical findings
 • Pain in lumbar area and gluteal region: (Dull, insidious
more constant as disease ... most commonly the knees ... column) • Late complication ... AnkylosingSpondylitis #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
Differential Diagnosis ... • Mutism Pathophysiology ... myoclonic movements, tremors ... • Examine for signs ... caseyalbin #PhysicalExam
Meralgia paresthetica: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Compression/injury of Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (LFCN) -> Meralgia paresthetica
 •
intervertebral disc disease ... gait, strength, reflexes ... MeralgiaParesthetica #MSK ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms