13 results
Diagnosis of ascites according to the serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG)
SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 - Ascitic protein
Diagnosis of ascites ... protein ≤ 2.5 g/dL: Cirrhosis ... syndrome, Massive liver ... syndrome SAAG < 1.1: Biliary ... #gradient #hepatology
Liver Function Tests (LFTs) - Normal Values and Interpretation

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT/SGPT) - Liver, cardiac & skeletal
, biliary epithelium ... Conjugated/DBili) - Biliary ... Crigler-Najjar) Albumin ... Interpretation #diagnosis ... #hepatology
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
- Differential Diagnosis ... function: INR, bilirubin ... , albumin Post-Hepatic ... pregnancy • Primary biliary ... #causes #hepatology
Liver Chemistry Tests - AST, ALT, Alkaline Phosphatase and Bilirubin Metabolism
AST and ALT:
 • AST: liver
Phosphatase and Bilirubin ... circulates with albumin ... Released from albumin ... #Hepatology #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #LFTs
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... /Liver failure ... slightly elevated • Bilirubin ... or higher • Liver ... #workup #hepatology
Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG) - Differential Diagnosis
High albumin gradient (>1.1 g/dl):
 - Cirrhosis	
 - Alcoholic
- Differential Diagnosis ... >1.1 g/dl): - Cirrhosis ... - Acute fatty liver ... Tuberculosis - Biliary ... #hepatology
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
- Differential Diagnosis ... Extrahepatic - Biliary ... hepatitis: < 1 • Cirrhosis ... #differential #diagnosis ... #algorithm #hepatology
Ascites - Diagnostic Approach and Differential Diagnosis
The most common causes: cirrhosis, malignancy and heart failure. Approx
brown: elevated bilirubin ... differential, albumin ... chylous ascites), bilirubin ... concentration (bowel or biliary ... #hepatology
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
week • Direct bilirubin ... Production: • Albumin ... hepatitis: < 1 • Cirrhosis ... #chemistry #diagnosis ... #differential #Hepatology
The 6 C’s of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC)
PSC is a chronic, cholestatic, immune-mediated disease characterized by
to multi-focal biliary ... asymptomatic at diagnosis ... disease management ... #management #summary ... #Hepatology