9 results
Elevated Liver Function Tests (LFTs) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Mild (<100-500): 
 • NAFLD
 • Cirrhosis
 •
Tests (LFTs) - ... • NAFLD • Cirrhosis ... Chronic Viral Hepatitis ... • Acute Viral Hepatitis ... Differential #Diagnosis #hepatology
Patterns of Liver Injury
Transaminase Levels:
  > 50x normal - Ischemic Hepatitis
  > 20x normal
Patterns of Liver ... CMV), Alcoholic cirrhosis ... #Patterns #Liver ... #Injury #hepatology ... #LFTs #transaminitis
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
Interpretation of LFTs ... Check Acute viral hepatitis ... : < 1 • Cirrhosis ... #differential #Hepatology ... transaminitis #LFTs
Liver Chemistry Tests - AST, ALT, Alkaline Phosphatase and Bilirubin Metabolism
AST and ALT:
 • AST: liver
Liver Chemistry ... Phosphatase and Bilirubin ... initial insult Bilirubin ... #Hepatology #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #LFTs
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Elevated Liver Enzymes ... • Alcoholic hepatitis ... Infiltrative • Cirrhosis ... • Others #LFTs ... #Hepatology #LiverEnzymes
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
function: INR, bilirubin ... /acute hepatitis ... sarcoidosis) • Liver ... metastasis • Fatty liver ... Diagnosis #causes #hepatology
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
week • Direct bilirubin ... Chronic viral hepatitis ... : < 1 • Cirrhosis ... #injury #hepatitis ... diagnosis #algorithm #hepatology
Hepatitis B - Treatment Indications
Treatment not indicated:
 • Immune tolerant state - HBe-Ag detectable, high HBV
Hepatitis B - Treatment ... injury (INR > 2, bilirubin ... mg/dL) or acute liver ... failure #HepatitisB ... Indications #management #hepatology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... /Liver failure ... slightly elevated • Bilirubin ... Diagnosis: • Viral hepatitis ... diagnosis #workup #hepatology