80 results
The principal endocrine 'axes' and glands. Parathyroid glands, adrenal zona glomerulosa and endocrine pancreas are not
Parathyroid glands, adrenal ... controlled by the pituitary ... abbreviations see text ... Endocrine #Axes #Endocrinology ... Pathways #Diagnosis #Pituitary
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
 • ACTH stimulation test - Synthetic ACTH does not stimulate cortisol secretion because
ACTH stimulation test ... autoantibody tests ... hypothalamus or pituitary ... deficiency (from the pituitary ... diagnosis #testing #endocrinology
Adrenal Insufficiency - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
 • Autoimmune primary adrenal insufficiency
 • Adrenoleukodystrophy,
Adrenal Insufficiency ... Algorithm Primary Adrenal ... Autoimmune primary adrenal ... ACTH-deficiency • Combined pituitary ... Workup #Algorithm #endocrinology
Cushing Syndrome Testing Algorithm
INDICATIONS FOR TESTING:
 • Suspected Cushing syndrome (central obesity, muscle weakness, refractory hypertension)
Testing:
dexamethasone suppression test ... Hormone • MRI of adrenal ... glands, pituitary ... diagnosis #algorithm #endocrinology ... #Adrenal #Hyperfunction
Positive Hoffmann’s Test (Finger Flexor Reflex) on Physical Examination

Indicates cervical spinal cord compression in this patient
Positive Hoffmann’s Test ... (Finger Flexor Reflex ... #Hoffmanns #Reflex ... #test #sign #Positive ... PhysicalExam #Clinical #Video
Hypercortisolism (Cushing syndrome) - Simplified Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Exogenous (ACTH-independent)
Endogenous
 • ACTH-dependent:
    - ACTH-secreting
ACTH-secreting pituitary ... ACTH-independent: - Adrenal ... hyperplasia - Adrenal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology
Diagnosis Adrenal Insufficiency - Algorithm

Step 1) Screening Test: 6-8AM Cortisol Level
 - Early morning cortisol levels
Step 1) Screening Test ... ) Confirmation Test ... This test determines ... . problem with pituitary ... #Stimulation #Endocrinology
Structure and function of the Adrenal Glands

#Adrenal #Glands #Function #Hormones #Actions #Pathophysiology #Endocrinology

** GrepMed Recommended Text:
function of the Adrenal ... Glands #Adrenal ... Pathophysiology #Endocrinology ... GrepMed Recommended Text
Breast Discharge - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High Prolactin + Normal TSH
 • Microprolactinoma
 • Steroid Hormone Intake
Intake • Chronic Renal ... Normal/ Low TSH • Pituitary ... Inhibition • Pituitary ... Production • Renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Endocrinology
Primary vs Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency - Pathophysiology
Primary AI = adrenal glands themselves are the problem. This
Primary vs Secondary Adrenal ... Pathophysiology Primary AI = adrenal ... Secondary AI = the pituitary ... leads to limited adrenal ... Pathophysiology #endocrinology