12 results
Comparison of Pathologic Breathing Patterns
Biot's respiration aka ataxic respiration:
 - Periodic breathing: hyperpnea (or normopnea) and
Comparison of Pathologic ... respiration aka ataxic ... (Diabetes mellitus ... acid/Lactic acidosis ... Respiratory #pulmonary #diagnosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Diabetic ketoacidosis ... ketoacidosis • D-lactic ... to diarrhea, a high ... Urine chloride is high ... #differential #diagnosis
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Causes of High-anion ... • Lactic acidosis ... Ketoacidosis: Diabetic ... #differential #diagnosis
Toxic Alcohol Ingestion: Isopropyl Alcohol
General concepts for toxic alcohols:
• Parent compounds (not metabolites) cause high osmolal
Toxic Alcohol Ingestion ... metabolites) cause high ... lactate --> causes lactic ... acidosis #Diagnosis ... #Management #Toxicology
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Diagnosis The ... hypoperfusion - toxic-induced ... • Type B1: - Diabetes ... - HIV/HAART medications ... lactate and can act
5-Oxoprolinuria
What is it:
 • Aka pyroglutamic acidosis, Intermediate in γ-glutamyl cycle
 • Amino acid transport and
Aka pyroglutamic acidosis ... impairment • Type 2 diabetes ... undetectable • Lactic ... insufficient • Requires high ... #management #treatment
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... phlebotomy High ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... - Metabolic acidosis ... Medications 2.
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... phlebotomy High ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... - Metabolic acidosis ... Medications 2.
There are similarities and differences between these 3 conditions which all carry treatment implications. Each mimic
But we also have Lactic ... Acidosis as well ... drips unless also diabetic ... #diagnosis #differential ... #algorithm #management
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... irrigation • Management ... Inhibitors of Na+K+2Cl ... Loop Diuretics; High-Ceiling ... #Pharmacology #Medications