18 results
Some of the techniques used for Antenatal Diagnosis

Amniocentesis 
 - Chromosome/micro-array and DNA analysis 
 -
analysis - Fetal infection ... anaemia - Fetal infection ... analysis - Fetal infection ... surgery, e.g. laser photo-coagulation ... transfusion syndrome
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
Infection with ... special media) • Infection ... history of prior infections ... antiphospholipid syndrome ... pathogens also exists Infectious
Priapism 

Secondary Causes:
Medications- intracavernosal injections, anticoagulants, PDE5 inhibitors, alpha blockers, methylphenidate, cocaine
Any hyperviscosity syndrome (SCD, leukemia,
intracavernosal injections ... hyperviscosity syndrome ... Priapism #Diagnosis #Management ... #Urology #Differential
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
disease Red blood ... Glomerulonephritis White blood ... Urinary tract infections ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... Urinary #Casts #Differential
Hematuria in Post-Renal Transplant Patient
Prevalence up to 12% in the postrenal transplant patient
 • Bacterial: Escherichia
: Secondary to infections ... (Goodpasture's syndrome ... Renal #Transplant #differential ... diagnosis #kidney #blood ... #urine #management
Algorithm for the Evaluation of Chronic Diarrhea (< 7 days)
Exclude:
1. Causes of acute diarrhea
2. Lactose intolerance
3.
Irritable bowel syndrome ... Parasitic infections ... leukocytes and occult blood ... Chronic #Diarrhea #management ... workup #diagnosis #differential
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... urine • 1ml blood ... deposits - Post-infectious ... Hematuria: • Infection ... #urine #blood
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
to Headaches - Differential ... papilledema • Horner syndrome ... lesion • CNS infection ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #neurology ... #PHANTOMS #mnemonic
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
dysfunction SPINE Mnemonic ... epidural hematoma • infections ... toon • Spinal infection ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Preeclampsia, Eclampsia, Infection ... Reversible course Differential ... Diagnosis: • Infection ... #diagnosis #management ... #neurology