23 results
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms ... #management #neurology
Achilles Tendon Rupture - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • The Achilles tendon is 15cm long in
warriors") • Acute ... pre-determined etiology Signs ... TendonRupture #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... pathophysiology #msk
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
More Specific Signs ... Less Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... HF → no signs of ... #management #cardiology
Supracondylar Elbow Fracture
• Most common elbow fracture in children, peak age 5-7 
• When looking at
anterior sail sign ... can't make A-OK sign ... Splint: Posterior long ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #Orthopedics #MSK
Anterior Shoulder Dislocation: Pathogenesis, clinical, and radiographic findings

Trauma, Fall on, outstretched arm, Overhead throwing => Abduction
on axillary x-ray ... to glenoid -> Acute ... #Dislocation #Diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics
Galeazzi Fracture 
Fracture of distal radial shaft with distal radial-ulnar joint disruption. Remember “MUGR” to recall
will be obvious; signs ... Splint: Posterior long ... Distal #Radiology #XRay ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #Orthopedics #MSK
Rheumatoid Arthritis Summary
Overview: chronic, inflammatory symmetric polyarthritis involving small joints of hands/feet, knees, shoulders
Signs & Symptoms:
knees, shoulders Signs ... & Symptoms: • ... marker Imaging: • XRay ... ideally limit for acute ... #management #rheumatology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Acute Spinal Cord ... Injury #Syndromes #diagnosis ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #neurology
Chagas Disease - American Trypanosomiasis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis) is an infectious
Trypanosomiasis - Diagnosis ... and Management ... Romana's sign ... Indeterminate form (No signs ... /symptoms, positive
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
and Management ... -60y (hormonal changes ... granulomas within the lungs ... anterior/posterior MSK ... #Management #Signs