12 results
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
Risk Factors and Signs ... Chronic diarrhoea, Short ... bowel syndrome, ... dental fixatives, Treatment ... , Malnutrition Signs
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
initiation of nutrition ... changes and may cause ... hyperparathyroidism Treatment ... #Nutrition #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... high WBC count cause ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... organ damage • Treatment ... : • Pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
-> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Clinical Manifestations

Causes of Thiamine Deficiency:
 • Poor intake:
	- Diets
Manifestations Causes ... - Refeeding syndrome ... : - Impaired short-term ... #beriberi #nutrition ... #pathophysiology
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Epidemiology: • 1-2 cases ... Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... • Weakness: Starts ... Treatment: • Plasmapheresis ... diagnosis #management #treatment
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
Pinpoint-sized red spots ... Platelet Disorders • Nutritional ... factor (GCSF) treatments ... marrow studies Treatment ... Immunosuppressive treatment
Intermittent Bilateral Exophthalmos (Alternating Exophthalmos and Enophthalmos) on Physical Exam

Observing this patient in silence for a
Treatments are aimed ... Existing case reports ... The syndrome of ... The cause of this ... clinical #video #ophthalmology
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
-> Cherry-red spot ... retinal edema caused ... Occlusion #CRAO #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
to be in ADHF starts ... Signs of poor perfusion ... Signs of congestion ... acute coronary syndrome ... the determined cause