9 results
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Diagnosis
Manifestations:
 - Arthritis 69%
 - Malar rash 40%
 - Fever 36%
 -
Arthritis 69% - Malar ... - Hemolytic anemia ... SLE-Related Auto-Antibodies ... (aPL) 30-45% Differential ... #rheumatology
Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA)
ANA or Anti-NucIear Antibody refers to antibodies against antigens in the nucleus → like
Antinuclear Antibodies ... assay (IFA) is the main ... healthy adults, and should ... ANA #patterns #rheumatology ... #diagnosis #differential
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
usually IgG) (e.g. lupus ... • Infections: Malaria ... Extravascular #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
Skin Conditions Associated with Joint Pain

Rash
	• Human parvovirus B19 infection

Malar rash
	• SLE
	• Human parvovirus B19 infection
	•
Associated with Joint Pain ... B19 infection Malar ... lesions • Discoid lupus ... #skin #rashes #differential ... #diagnosis #rheumatology
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
permanent alopecia Differential ... Non-autoimmune rheumatologic ... Arthritis: • Joint pain ... Photosensitivity • Malar ... lymphopenia, low PLT • Anemia
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Sensitive Antibodies ... Donath-Landsteiner Antibodies ... younger pts) Differential ... chills, flank pain ... #hematology #diagnosis
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
Vasculitides - Differential ... inflammation Others: • Lupus ... such as systemic lupus ... C-ANCA) pattern: antibodies ... #diagnosis #rheumatology
Polymyalgia Rheumatica (PMR) Diagnosis and Management Summary

WHAT?
 • Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is a common systemic inflammatory
proximal muscle pain ... • Normocytic anemia ... anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies ... normal and can help differentiate ... Diagnosis #Management #Rheumatology
Rheumatology Workup - Laboratories Studies in Rheumatic Diseases

• Septic arthritis - Gram stain and culture of
joint • Systemic lupus ... double-stranded DNA antibodies ... ANAs RF test should ... the presence of anemia ... , and low back pain