17 results
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
of lumbosacral joint ... vertebrae • CT ... Spondylolisthesis #MSK #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Tertiary Lab Comparison ... : Commonly no signs ... weakness, Bone/joint ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
cases Clinical Signs ... years - May have signs ... pulmonary TB PE ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology ... involvement - CT
Fat Embolism Syndrome
Trauma to the long bone or pelvis accounts for —9096 of cases. The diagnosis
Trauma to the long ... The diagnosis is ... Pathophysiology ... onset widespread pulmonary ... #Signs #Symptoms
Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)
Multi-system autoimmune disease characterized by vasculopathy and progressive fibrosis of skin and internal organs
3
and Symptoms: ... (interstitial lung ... Musculoskeletal: joint ... #rheumatology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
- Differential Diagnosis ... blood cells in the lung ... • Signs/Symptoms ... • Signs/Symptoms ... #differential #diagnosis
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
cause interstitial lung ... disease/pulmonary ... RheumatoidArthritis #RA #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis #ExtraArticular
Scoliosis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings (Cobb Angle > 10 Degrees)

 • Incr Axial rotation of thoracic
volume -> Decr lung ... Exertion, Restrictive Pulmonary ... #Scoliosis #pathophysiology ... #msk #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
inflammation Symptoms ... Nasal polyps and signs ... in the adjacent lung ... of the affected lung ... high-resolution chest CT
Basics of Waveform Capnography
Waveform capnography assesses ventilation by monitoring exhaled carbon dioxide
Can use measurement and morphology
pathophysiology ... mismatch • ß-AngIe ... the heart to the lung ... oscillations - Sign ... interpretation #patterns #diagnosis