37 results
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... tenderness • Positive ... — scotty dog sign ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms
Labyrinthitis 
Vestibular neuritis + unilateral hearing loss = Labyrinthitis 
1) Vertigo (severe) 
2) Gait instability 
3)
hearing loss Clinical ... of vestibular CN ... fixation) • Positive ... Labyrinthitis #Diagnosis #Symptoms ... #Signs #Otolaryngology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... should be based on clinical ... Antimicrobial treatment ... and <25% culture positive ... #Infections #differential
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Fraction (HFrEF) Clinical ... More Specific Signs ... Less Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... → no signs of CXR
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... Coltivirus Symptoms ... • Common clinical ... Acute meningeal signs ... Singh @rav7ks #CNS
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
Optica (NMO) - Clinical ... desaturation, Scotoma, Ocular ... pain • Extra-CNS ... complications (AQP4-positive ... #signs
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
symptoms (headache ... Skin lesions • Positive ... Behcet disease) Differential ... Arthritis, AS Treatment ... diagnosis #management #signs
Rare Causes of Abdominal Pain
 • Hereditary Angioneurotic Edema - Recurrent visceral that may by swelling
Rare Causes of Abdominal ... in the knee-to-chest ... Carnett's sign ... incisional hernias: clinical ... Abdominal #Pain #differential
Features That Differentiate Acute Pericarditis from Myocardial Ischemia or Infarction and Pulmonary Embolism

In contrast to the
Features That Differentiate ... in the supine position ... life-threatening causes ... #Pericarditis #Symptoms ... #Signs #Presentation
13 Dangerous Causes of Headache:
 - subarachnoid hemorrhage: family history, PCKD, known berry aneurysm, sudden and
13 Dangerous Causes ... hypertension - CNS ... head in dependent position ... thrombophilia, neurologic signs ... Dangerous #Deadly #Differential