23 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
- Differential ... • Meningeal signs ... Systemic symptoms and signs ... lesion • CNS infection ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #neurology
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
- Vertigo - Differential ... symptoms/signs, ... nystagmus - Infection ... Dizziness #Vertigo #Neurology ... #Differential #
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
- Differential ... meningeal irritation signs ... glaucoma - Ocular ... #differential # ... ophthalmology #Neurology
Headache Etiologies and Associated Spectrum of Severity of Disease by System
Critical, Emergent and Non-Emergent Causes
CNS, neurologic,
Headache Etiologies ... vascular disease Ocular ... Musculoskeletal Allergy Infectious ... #causes #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV-AIDS Patients
Cytomegalovirus (CMV): double-stranded DNA virus, herpesvirus family.
CMV infection: virus isolation or detection
of symptoms or signs ... inclusions or positive ... 50 or less: • Neurologic ... Retinitis (Most common cause ... #signs #symptoms
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... deposits - Post-infectious ... hematuria • Signs ... Hematuria: • Infection ... #urology #nephrology
13 Dangerous Causes of Headache:
 - subarachnoid hemorrhage: family history, PCKD, known berry aneurysm, sudden and
13 Dangerous Causes ... head in dependent position ... thrombophilia, neurologic ... signs/symptoms ... Dangerous #Deadly #Differential
Headaches Overview - Primary vs Secondary Headaches

What’s the Core Difference?
 • Primary headache = headache is
aneurysm) • Infection ... hydrocephalus) • Neurologic ... N Neurological signs ... confusion, focal signs ... Secondary #Comparison #Neurology
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Causes of Peripheral ... history of viral infection ... signs or symptoms ... #differential # ... diagnosis #neurology
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... Acute meningeal signs ... • Gram stain: Positive ... 90% • Culture: Positive ... diagnosis #neurology