23 results
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
spine L1-L5 Symptoms ... Sciatica: often bilateral ... Examination - bilateral ... axial T1 and T2 Treatment ... #causes #neurology
Meralgia paresthetica: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Compression/injury of Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (LFCN) -> Meralgia paresthetica
 •
Compression/injury of Lateral ... sensory • Before diagnosis ... Following must be absent ... gait, strength, reflexes ... on palpation of lateral
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
and Myotomes Reflexes ... Conditions: • Cauda ... dysfunction, and bilateral ... dorsum of foot and lateral ... #neurology #sensory
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
of the cell -> Bilateral ... • Leukocoria (absent ... partial retinal red reflex ... ophthalmology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... spine Signs / Symptoms ... of normal leg reflexes ... not have to be bilateral ... pathophysiology #diagnosis
Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism - Symptoms and Signs
Hypothyroidism:
 - General - From asymptomatic to myxedema coma, “Like
Hyperthyroidism - Symptoms ... • Thinning of lateral ... • Tendon Reflex ... ophthalmopathy ocular ... #Signs #Diagnosis
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
unresponsiveness; the absence ... Differential Diagnosis ... dysfunction to the bilateral ... • Vestibulo-ocular ... #PhysicalExam #neurology
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
photophobia - Bilateral ... headache: - Bilateral ... - Autonomic symptoms ... glaucoma - Ocular ... ophthalmology #Neurology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
involved - Bilateral ... (more commonly bilateral ... involvement Cauda ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
Amyotrophic Lateral ... pathologic finding of lateral ... (3) primary lateral ... column Treatment ... #Amyotrophic #Lateral