23 results
Bilateral tonic pupils observed in the patient with Ross syndrome. 
Absence of bilateral pupillary contraction despite
patient with Ross syndrome ... Absence of bilateral ... ophthalmology #ross #syndrome ... #bilateral #reflex ... #neurology #absent
Functional Dyspepsia - Signs, Symptoms and Pathophysiology
Delayed gastric emptying - Postprandial fullness, nausea, vomiting
Hypersensitivity to gastric
Functional Dyspepsia - Signs ... , Symptoms and Pathophysiology ... contractility - Bloating, absence ... Atypical nonerosive reflux ... symptoms #diagnosis #signs
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
unresponsiveness; the absence ... • Locked-in syndrome ... • Mutism Pathophysiology ... • Examine for signs ... #PhysicalExam #neurology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Anterior Cord Syndrome ... bladder and rectal reflex ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #orthopedics #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
but sometimes absent ... lower extremity reflexes ... bulbocavernosus reflex ... wink test - reflex ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Brudzinski’s Sign in Meningitis (first described in 19th century by Dr. Josef Brudzinski)

Brudzinski's sign is characterized
Brudzinski’s Sign ... Brudzinski's sign ... While the pathophysiology ... an involuntary reflex ... may be absent despite
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
Retinoblastoma Signs ... • Leukocoria (absent ... partial retinal red reflex ... Retinoblastoma #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... muscle weakness • Absent ... • Decreased / Absent ... Reflexes: Arms ... management #treatment #neurology
NINDS Diagnostic Criteria for Guillain Barre Syndrome 
Features Required for Guillain-Barré Syndrome:
 • Progressive muscle weakness
Guillain Barre Syndrome ... sensory symptoms or signs ... Autonomic dysfunction, Absence ... nervous system signs ... diagnosis #criteria #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... lumbar spine Signs ... of normal leg reflexes ... #CaudaEquina #Syndrome ... #MSK #pathophysiology