13 results
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
Fever/Chills/Joint ... Effusions - Septic ... (1%) - Watch out ... Effusions: - Gout ... - Pseudo gout
Joint Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Monoarthritis
 • Septic
 • Crystalline
     - Gout
Monoarthritis • Septic ... Crystalline - Gout ... Erythematosus (SLE), should ... have other symptoms ... #Disorders #msk
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
joint inflammation ... joint inflammation ... FrozenShoulder #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... stages #staging #msk
CPPD vs Gout

== CPPD == 

Think About CPPD When:
 • Self-limited synovitis after surgery/trauma (> 65
CPPD vs Gout ... (shoulders, wrists ... disease states Pathophysiology ... Wrist, MCP, or shoulder ... forefoot, ankles, knees
Knee Effusions - Arthrocentesis Interpretation

Inflammatory arthritis:
 • Color: Yellow-> Green
 • Clarity: Opaque
 • Viscosity: Low
Knee Effusions - ... Culture: Negative Septic ... analysis: • MSU ... : Gout • CPPD: ... #joint #fluid #
Approach to Joint Pain - Arthritis Differential Diagnosis Framework

Inflammatory Versus Noninflammatory Pain
 • Is it inflammatory
axial (spine, shoulders ... constitutional symptoms ... Very hard to get out ... Crystal induced (Gout ... fever • Lyme • Gout
Chondrocalcinosis: Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate (CPPD) Deposition Disease

 - Acute CPPD precipitation into the joint space ->
precipitation into the joint ... (especially in knees ... ) (tends to be out ... Disease #Signs #Symptoms ... #Pathophysiology
Baker's Cyst on POCUS 
63yo w p/w pain and swelling behind knee.  Probe on knee
outpouching from joint ... dx) that pops out ... intraarticular joint ... Global Ultrasound ... #msk
Purulent Ankle Joint on POCUS
Young patient 2 weeks status post ORIF of ankle fracture presents with
flowing in and out ... found to have septic ... University of Michigan Ultrasound ... POCUS #clinical #ultrasound ... #msk #infected
Gout - Diagnosis and Management Summary

3 Conditions for Gout to Manifest:
1. Hyperuricemia
2. Monosodium urate deposition in
deposition in joints ... attacks • Other joints ... forefoot, ankles, knees ... not possible • Ultrasound ... Dual-energy CT → MSU