3005 results
Emphysematous Cystitis
Epidemiology:
 • Usually middle-aged diabetic women
 • Other RF: neurogenic bladder, urinary tract outlet obstruction,
klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus ... present • UA and Urine ... also important Management ... Cystitis #diagnosis #management
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
Causes Abnormal Urine ... * Green Urine: ... : • Purple Urine ... UTI caused by (Proteus ... , Tyrosinuria, Proteus
Protease Inhibitors 

Protease Inhibitors are a class of commonly used antiretroviral medications for management of HIV.
Protease Inhibitors ... Protease Inhibitors ... medications for management ... inhibit the enzyme protease ... /ambcarerx #Protease
Metabolic Pathways of Purple Urine Bag Syndrome: Adopted from chart originally published in Purple Urine Bag
Pathways of Purple Urine ... published in Purple Urine ... commonly grown in the urine ... Escherichia coli, Proteus ... #PUBS #Purple #Urine
What the Color of Urine Can Tell You - Differential Diagnosis by Urine Color
Clear: excess water
Pale
What the Color of Urine ... Differential Diagnosis by Urine ... Purple (Purple Urine ... Proteus) - BWH ... BrighamChiefs #Urine
Urine Microscopy Crystals
Uric Acid crystals:
 - Formation promoted by acidic urine
 - Seen in tumor lysis
Urine Microscopy ... promoted by acidic urine ... promoted by alkaline urine ... Proteus, Klebsiella ... independent of urine
Lower Urinary Tract Infection: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

- Predisposing Factors:  Immunocompromised state, diabetes, elderly, female
urethra), stagnant urine ... systems, or stagnant urine ... urethra (E. coli, Proteus ... Tenderness - Urine ... ) Foul, turbid urine
Upper Urinary Tract infection (UUTI): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Predisposing Factors:
 - Immunocompromised, Diabetes,
 - Elderly, Female
) - Stagnant urine ... system, stagnant urine ... Enterobacteriaceae P — Proteus
Urinary Incontinence Algorithm

3IQ Questionnaire: Helps classify UI with modest accuracy. 
 - During last 3 months
have you leaked urine ... situations did you leak urine ... most often leak urine ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Management
HIV HAART Medications - Classification by Names and Mechanism - Updated 01/2021
 - NRTIs
 - NNRTIs
NRTIs - NNRTIs - Protease