9 results
Cotton Wool Spots

Caused by microinfarcts. Exploded ganglion cell axons extrude their axoplasm into retina. Long DDx:
Cotton Wool Spots ... Long DDx: hypertension ... , diabetes, HIV, ... #fundoscopy #ophthalmology ... #Clinical
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
Clinical Classification ... diseases - HIV ... due to lung disease ... Interstitial lung ... Classification #Diagnosis
Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) and Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy
Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
Definition: mean pulmonary-artery pressure > 25mmHg
Hypertension (CTEPH ... Hypertension Definition ... embolism Pathophysiology ... Plexiform-lesion formation Clinical ... Ventilation-perfusion lung
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Pathogenesis and clinical ... -> Cotton-wool Spots ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
Risk factors: Critical ... blood donor • Pathophysiology ... : 2 hit mechanism ... , and CXR with pulmonary ... Reactions #hematology #diagnosis
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
tuberculosis (LTBI) Pathophysiology ... • HIV: 2/3 pulmonary ... characteristic features Clinical ... Tuberculosis Diagnosis ... Tuberculosis #TB #Diagnosis
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
tuberculosis (LTBI) Pathophysiology ... • HIV: 2/3 pulmonary ... characteristic features Clinical ... Tuberculosis Diagnosis ... Tuberculosis #TB #Diagnosis
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
has five major clinical ... Inhalation of spores ... Aspergillosis Pathophysiology ... change in the lungs ... nails, bronchi, lungs
Authors: Mark M. Ramzy, DO, EMT-P (@MarkRamzyDO, EM Resident Physician, Drexel University, Department of Emergency Medicine)
This patient’s clinical ... Several of the diagnoses ... exam findings and clinical ... Due to their short ... Radiology #CTChest #Lung