22 results
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Multiple Sclerosis ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... Signs and symptoms ... objective evidence of neurologic ... #management #neurology
Parinaud's Syndrome
What?
 - Impaired upgaze
 - Light-near dissociation
 - Convergence retraction nystagmus
 - Eyelid retraction (Collier's
retraction (Collier's sign ... region tumors - Multiple ... Sclerosis - Hydrocephalus ... → "setting sun sign ... diagnosis #pineal #neurology
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
Rotary Movement Peripheral ... symptoms/signs, ... Inflammatory • Multiple ... sclerosis - Intoxication ... Dizziness #Vertigo #Neurology
Parinaud's syndrome
What?
 • Light-near dissociation (tectal pupils)
 • Convergence retraction nystagmus
 • Eyelid retraction (Collier's sign)
retraction (Collier's sign ... region tumors • Multiple ... sclerosis • Hydrocephalus ... "setting sun" sign ... Parinauds #syndrome #neurology
Peripheral and Central Causes of Vertigo
Peripheral Causes (Common):
 - Labyrinth: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Méniére disease,
Peripheral and Central ... Causes of Vertigo Peripheral ... Vestibular migraines, Multiple ... sclerosis - ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Characteristics of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
 • Onset: Sudden
 • Intensity: Severe initially, often decreasing
Characteristics of Peripheral ... in stroke and multiple ... sclerosis • Duration ... diagnosis #findings #signs ... symptoms #comparison #neurology
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Causes of Peripheral ... Central Vertigo PERIPHERAL ... Multiple sclerosis ... signs or symptoms ... #Peripheral #Central
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ... finding of lateral sclerosis ... brainstem and multiple ... #neurology #diagnosis ... #management
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
• Symptoms and signs ... Demyelinating: - Multiple ... sclerosis - Transverse ... Scleroderma, Systemic sclerosis ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Lesions Of The Peripheral ... • Mononeuritis multiplex ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... aminotransferases • Serology ... Differential #Diagnosis #neurology