21 results
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Compatible syndrome + MRI ... lung nodules, may also ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... should be based on clinical ... Imaging: - MRI ... Demyelinating disease caused ... #Infections #differential
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
CNS Manifestations ... Erythematosus (SLE) Clinical ... autoantibodies that will cause ... (for secondary APS ... #neurology #rheumatology
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
nervous system (CNS ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... lesions and clinical ... BEE #Syndromes #neurology ... noninflammatory #differential
Features That Differentiate Acute Pericarditis from Myocardial Ischemia or Infarction and Pulmonary Embolism

In contrast to the
associated with rheumatologic ... life-threatening causes ... chest pain, such as ... MI or aortic dissection ... #Presentation #comparison
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
Autoimmune (SLE/APLS ... heart valves • MRI ... dysfunction common, Aortic ... often seen • MRI ... #Endocarditis #comparison
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
Double Vision - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm Clinical ... • Neurologic ... suggest a mass as ... the cause
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
< 30 years • Aorta ... oligoclonal bands • MRI ... tract, and often causes ... chorioretinitis, CNS ... #Diagnosis #Rheumatology
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
association • M > F Clinical ... skin injury) • Neurologic ... Medium and large also ... Behcet disease) Differential ... signs #symptoms #rheumatology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup and Differential ... 109 mm Hg) with clinical ... Coarctation of aorta ... Neurologic disorders ... #Differential #