15 results
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome – ARDS: Clinical Cheat Sheet

An acute diffuse, inflammatory lung injury, leading to
inflammatory lung injury ... overload with heart failure ... there is no clear cause ... the underlying cause ... Diagnosis #Management #CriticalCare
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
oxoproline) • Renal failure ... Hypokalemia ... Hyperkalemia ... ACE-Is and ARBs ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • Trauma/Crush injury ... insufficiency/Failure ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... potassium #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • Trauma/Crush injury ... insufficiency/Failure ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... potassium #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Medications: K+, ACEi/ARBs ... , rhabdo/crush injury ... - Renal Failure ... only if no clear cause ... Definitive in ESRD or failure
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
sweat Heat Injury ... AKI - Liver failure ... cardiomyopathy, ARDS ... Hypocalcemia - Hyperkalemia ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
papilledema, heart failure ... , neurologic disturbance ... or acute kidney injury ... disorders including hypokalemia ... Neurologic disorders
Pitting Edema on Physical Exam

Edema occurs when fluid that accumulates in tissues leads to swelling. When
commonly the legs or arms ... -Causes may include ... insufficiency, heart failure ... Pitting #Edema #PhysicalExam ... Pedal #Clinical #Video
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... neuromuscular injury ... Congestive heart failure ... oliguric kidney injury ... Classification #Causes
Lazarus Reflex on Physical Exam

The Lazarus sign is a reflex movement observed in brain-dead or brainstem
brain-dead or brainstem failure ... briefly raising the arms ... Lazarus #Reflex #PhysicalExam ... #clinical #video ... #neurology #criticalcare