14 results
Negative contrast effect = a washout of the contrast (agitated saline) in the right atrium in
Negative contrast ... ) in the right atrium ... #septal #defect ... #a4c #Echocardiogram ... #clinical #cardiology
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Negative Contrast ... Diagnosis 1. ... to right shunt 2. ... #clinical #echocardiogram ... #s4c #pocus #bubble
Intracardiac Septal Masses / Thickening on Echocardiogram - Differential Diagnosis - 4 separate cases:
Case 1: LV
Intracardiac Septal ... separate cases: Case 1: ... LV Clot Case 2: ... #clinical #a4c ... #Diagnosis #cardiology
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Edema - Differential ... Causes include: 1. ... system activity, 2. ... level <100 pg/ml EKG ... #diagnosis #cardiology
Double Shunt on Echocardiogram
What do you see on this saline contrast study, in a patient with
liver disease and pulmonary ... 1. ... as RAP>LAP as atrial ... septum shifts left ... clinical #pocus #a4c
Hemorrhagic Pericardial Effusions (Hemopericardium)- Differential Diagnosis Framework

IATROGENIC DISEASE
Secondary to invasive cardiac procedures

NONIATROGENIC
• Malignancy (e.g., metastatic spread:
• Malignancy (e.g ... are uncommon - 1 ... to 2% of patients ... with pulmonary ... may have false negative
Rheumatic Heart Disease - Mitral Stenosis on Echocardiogram
(1) Thickened and fibrosed MV leaflets - rheumatic etiology
(1) Thickened ... (2) Lvef 25-30% ... spontaneous echo contrast ... (7) patient in atrial ... #a4c #thrombus
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
murmur 3/6) - Pulmonary ... indicated • EKG ... Obtain EKG if: ... - Cataract Plan ... days before Pulmonary
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
palpable purpura 2/ ... 2 vasculitis, ulcers ... o infection • Echocardiogram ... recent DAN) • EMG ... blood retum in serial
Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE) Windows
1. ME 5-Chamber view 
2. ME 4-Chamber view 
3. ME-Commissural view 
4. ME
Transesophageal Echocardiogram ... (TEE) Windows 1. ... ME Right Pulmonary ... ME Left Atrial Appendage ... Views #diagnosis #cardiology