72 results
Generalized Seizures and Pseudoseizures
Generalized seizures "are conceptualized as originating as some point within, and rapidly engaging,
by a toxic or metabolic ... Toxic and metabolic ... hyperglycemia, hyponatremia ... Classification #Diagnosis ... #Neurology #Signs
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... mmol/L - true hyponatremia ... - fevers • renal ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Neurocysticercosis, PML • Metabolic ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... Algorithm #Causes #neurology
Causes of Secondary / Provoked Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Febrile
Infection
 • Sepsis
 • Encephalitis
 • Meningitis
Metabolic
Secondary / Provoked Seizures ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • Meningitis Metabolic ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... #Neurology #Differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... tubal acidosis and metabolic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Urine Electrolyte Interpretation - AKI, Hyponatremia, Hypokalemia and Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis

#Urine #Electrolytes #Interpretation #ULytes #AKI #FENa
Interpretation - AKI, Hyponatremia ... Hypokalemia and Non-Gap Metabolic ... #FENa #FEUrea #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
MOVE STUPID - Mnemonic for Altered Mental Status (Delirium)
 - Metabolic (hypercalcemia, hyponatremia)
 - Oxygen (hypoxia)
(Delirium) - Metabolic ... hypercalcemia, hyponatremia ... hypoglycemia) - Seizures ... #differential #diagnosis
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
Differential Diagnosis ... Evaluation of Hyponatremia ... nausea, confusion, seizures ... cardiac, liver, renal ... drug history #Diagnosis
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
- Differential Diagnosis ... ketoacidosis Renal ... acids in advanced renal ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Renal Failure ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #causes #nephrology