843 results
Hypercalcemia Evaluation
1) Clinical clues
 - Is the patient symptomatic?
 - Family history?
 - Have you done
likely - Mid range ... FHH — check the urine ... Hypercalcemia #workup ... elevated #evaluation #workup
Laboratory Testing in Hemolytic Anemia

Intravascular vs Extravascular Hemolysis
Reticulocytes
Unconjugated bilirubin
LDH
Peripheral smear
Haptoglobin
Urine hemosiderin
Urine hemoglobin
Carboxyhemoglobin

#Hemolytic #Anemia #Laboratory #Testing #workup
Haptoglobin Urine ... hemosiderin Urine ... Laboratory #Testing #workup
Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Red Urine:
 • Medical conditions: bleeding, porphyria, factitious disorder
 • Meds: rifampin,
Urine Color - Differential ... Diagnosis Red Urine ... rhubarb and spinach) Orange ... Urine: • Medical ... cause of red or orange
Causes of Abnormal Urine Colors - Differential Diagnosis
Blue-Green - Yellow - Orange - Pink - Red
Causes of Abnormal Urine ... Blue-Green - Yellow - Orange ... White - Purple #Urine
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Framework and Workup ... Gap - UAG and Urine ... gap - UA with urine ... Gap - Estimate urine ... Differential #Diagnosis #Workup
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... Symptoms of UTI, urine ... WBCs, or urine ... → Urine culture ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Workup
Amyloidosis - Workup and Diagnostic Algorithm
 • Serum Immunofixation and Serum Free Light Chains
 • Biopsy
Amyloidosis - Workup ... • Serum and urine ... IFE and 24-h urine ... #Amyloidosis #Workup
What the Color of Urine Can Tell You - Differential Diagnosis by Urine Color
Clear: excess water
Pale
What the Color of Urine ... Differential Diagnosis by Urine ... Amber: dehydrated Orange ... Purple (Purple Urine ... BrighamChiefs #Urine
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
RBC casts in urine ... the subnephrotic range ... be in nephrotic range
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
Causes Abnormal Urine ... Diagnosis Turbid White Urine ... senna, red clover) Orange ... Urine: • Uricosuria ... Carrots Brown Urine