16 results
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... cells per μL • Diagnosis ... • Combination antiretroviral ... required until immune ... Demyelinating disease
Eosinophils (Eos) and hypereosinophilia (HE)
Caused by eosinophilopoietic cytokines
Common causes:
 - Drug reaction
 - Helminth infection
 -
reaction - Atopic disease ... CD3-CD4+ T cells ... , IgG4-related disease ... malignancy - Immune ... #Differential #Diagnosis
T-LGL leukemia - T-CeIl Large Granular Lymphocytic Leukemia
Clinical
 - Persistent (>6mo) lymphocytosis (2-20k) with proven clonality
Secondary to sustained immune ... of autoimmune disease ... of CD5 and/or CD7 ... morphologic/clinical disease ... hemepath #pathology #diagnosis
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
Immune Reconstitution ... worsening of that disease ... after initiating antiretroviral ... after initiating antiretroviral ... pericarditis, peritoneal disease
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
Chronic Kidney Disease ... - Differential Diagnosis ... pyelonephritis) • Immune ... Hyperphosphatemia #CKD ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
lesion Pott's Disease ... narrowing and collapse Immune ... after starting antiretroviral ... symptoms • Caused by immune ... #Tuberculosis #diagnosis
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
→Activation of CD8 ... that disrupts immune ... • Autoimmune diseases ... Adult-onset Still disease ... Others: Cellular immune
Acute Retroviral Syndrome
Acute Retroviral Syndrome is the symptomatic presentation of acute human immunodeficiency virus infection

 •
Presentations: • Opportunistic ... in which case opportunistic ... Viral hepatitis Diagnosis ... ART to slow HIV disease ... Syndrome #HIV #diagnosis
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
rendering the immune ... phenomenon CLL Diagnosis ... cells can indicate disease ... surface molecules: CD5 ... Lymphocytic #Leukemia #diagnosis
Celiac disease is an immune-mediated, multisystem disorder that affects genetically susceptible individuals who are exposed to
an immune-mediated ... inappropriate immune ... CD can be associated ... surfaces, such as the elbows ... to confirm the diagnosis