15 results
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
: • Most CNS opportunistic ... • CNS opportunistic ... Demyelinating disease ... and <25% culture positive ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
attributable to central ... nervous system (CNS ... and less common diseases ... #neurology #inflammatory ... #differential #
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Toxoplasmosis (CD4 ... Diagnosis- Compatible syndrome ... Lymphoma (CD4 < ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... causes #radiology #neurology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... , CNS Disease, Meds ... always exclude: CKD ... Algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Peripheral and Central Causes of Vertigo
Peripheral Causes (Common):
 - Labyrinth: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Méniére disease,
Peripheral and Central ... vertigo, Méniére disease ... Vestibulocochlear Nerve (CN ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
(AQP4-lgG disease ... pain • Extra-CNS ... complications (AQP4-positive ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology ... #symptoms #signs
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
to Headaches - Differential ... papilledema • Horner syndrome ... lyme • Altered mental ... brain lesion • CNS ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Weakness - Differential ... lesions of the central ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... Up: • Chem: CPK ... #Diagnosis #neurology
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
attributable to central ... nervous system (CNS ... and less common diseases ... #neurology #noninflammatory ... #differential #
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
skin injury) • Neurologic ... basal ganglia, CNS ... Skin lesions • Positive ... ) Differential Diagnosis ... diagnosis #management #signs