27 results
Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA)
ANA or Anti-NucIear Antibody refers to antibodies against antigens in the nucleus → like
Positive ANA ≠ Autoimmune ... SLE), Sjogren's Syndrome ... Arthritis, Sjögren Syndrome ... #rheumatology #diagnosis ... #differential
ANA Patterns and Associated Rheumatic Diseases:
 • Homogeneous: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Mixed connective tissue disease
Associated Rheumatic Diseases ... SLE), Sjogren's Syndrome ... #Antinuclear #Antibodies ... #rheumatology #diagnosis ... #differential
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Volume (MCV) - Differential ... B12 - Anti-IF Antibodies ... B12 - Anti-IF Antibodies ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... • Rule out B12 and
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
in HIV / AIDS - Differential ... • CNS opportunistic ... Demyelinating disease ... culture positive ... CNS #Infections #differential
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis and Management
PTH Independent (↑ PTH)
 • LOW VIT D
    -
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis and ... Management PTH ... , Kidney Disease ... (CKD) - Metabolism ... endocrinology #differential
Acute Retroviral Syndrome
Acute Retroviral Syndrome is the symptomatic presentation of acute human immunodeficiency virus infection

 •
Presentations: • Opportunistic ... in which case opportunistic ... after exposure • Antibodies ... HIV-1 or HIV-2 antibodies ... ART to slow HIV disease
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Sensitive Antibodies ... Cold Agglutinin Syndrome ... dehydrogenase • Positive ... younger pts) Differential ... hemolytic #anemia #hematology
Primary and Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary (Essential) (95%) - Onset between age
Hypertension - Differential ... Positive family ... - CKD, AKI, Glomerulonephritis ... excess (Cushing syndrome ... HTN #Cardiology #Differential
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
Behçet's Syndrome ... Skin lesions • Positive ... ) Differential Diagnosis ... #diagnosis #management ... signs #symptoms #rheumatology
Acquired von Willebrand Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management
 • Autoantibodies to vWF: Lymphoproliferative disorders (e.g. lymphoma,
von Willebrand Syndrome ... Management • ... thrombocythemia), Autoimmune disease ... #treatment #hematology ... #differential