14 results
Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 
- Respiratory symptoms must have begun within one
Berlin Criteria ... Distress Syndrome (ARDS ... be present on a chest ... severity of the ARDS ... >= 5cm H2O #ARDS
AIDS-defining illnesses
 - Candidiasis of the esophagus, bronchi, trachea, or lungs [(but NOT the mouth (thrush)]
AIDS-defining illnesses ... Lymphoma, primary, of brain ... Toxoplasmosis of brain ... syndrome due to HIV #AIDS ... Diagnosis #List #Differential
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Chronic Dyspnea - Differential ... Thickening/Masses Chest ... Pneumonia • ARDS ... #Dyspnea #SOB #Differential
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Weakness, Loss of Chest ... Elasticity (flail chest ... : Atelectasis, ARDS ... Hypoxia #hypoxemia #differential
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Pulmonary Edema - Differential ... distress syndrome (ARDS ... edema (Traumatic brain ... #edema #NCPE #differential
The Berlin Definition of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

Chest imaging - Bilateral opacities—not fully explained by
The Berlin Definition ... Distress Syndrome (ARDS ... ) Chest imaging ... #CriticalCare #ARDS ... Distress #Syndrome #Berlin
Pulmonary Infections in HIV-AIDS
Bacterial: 
 • No organism identified, Strep pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S.aureus, Streptococcus Grp
Infections in HIV-AIDS ... /- High res CT chest ... diagnosis #evaluation #differential
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
Immune Reconstitution ... treatment of HIV/AIDS ... be present: • AIDS ... Leishmaniasis Differential ... #IRIS #Immune #Reconstitution
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
parietal lobes of the brain ... Reversible course Differential ... parietal lobes of the brain ... Seizures: Treat with AEDs
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
Edema (NCPE) - Differential ... • Traumatic brain ... respiratory failure or ARDS ... infiltrates on chest ... edema #causes #differential