13 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... Differential Diagnosis ... chronic kidney disease ... Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Poor ... #Potassium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification
Reflex Syncope 
 - Vasovagal syncope
   • Prolonged standing
Shock - Differential ... Diagnosis by Classification ... • Parkinson’s disease ... #Diagnosis #Classification ... #Table #Causes
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Hypertension - Differential ... Hypertensive urgency • Refractory ... Renal Parenchymal Diseases ... HTN #Secondary #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... Diabetes #Insipidus #Classification ... #Types #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... • Addison’s disease ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... options for severe/refractory ... vaptans (HF/liver disease ... #Diagnosis #Treatment ... #management #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... • Addison’s disease ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... Tubulointerstitial renal disease ... #differential # ... diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
progressive kidney disease ... Potassium-sparing ... Metabolic #Acidosis #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology