38 results
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (HPS) 

HPS-differential diagnosis:
1. Pulmonary vasculature
2. Diseases of the lung parenchyma
3. Pleura and diaphragm

HPS-diagnosis:
1. Patients
Hepatopulmonary ... Syndrome (HPS) ... Pulmonary vasculature ... Diseases of the ... #Syndrome #HPS
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Hypoventilation Syndrome ... AVMs, Hepatopulmonary ... Syndrome - ... Obstructive Lung Disease ... , Interstitial Disease
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
Hepatopulmonary ... Syndrome - Diagnosis ... shunt (Type 2) Clinical ... cirrhosis • Intra-pulmonary ... #syndrome #diagnosis
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) - Diagnosis
Clinical Features:
 • Altered mental status (Either lethargy, confusion, or
Encephalopathy Syndrome ... PRES) - Diagnosis Clinical ... constant, global, and refractory ... • Autoimmune disease ... Risk Factor + Clinical
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
obesity-hypoventilation syndrome ... Interstitial lung diseases ... , pulmonary edema ... AVMs, hepatopulmonary ... syndrome), intracardiac
Nontuberculous mycobacteria
Nontuberculous mycobacteria, also known as atypical mycobacteria, are all the other mycobacteria which can cause
which can cause pulmonary ... disease resembling ... patient with active disease ... #Clinical #Radiology ... AirFluidLevel #RadiologyAssistant
Differential Diagnosis - Noninfectious Causes of Fever

CRITICAL DIAGNOSES:
 - Acute myocardial infarction
 - Pulmonary embolism or
Causes of Fever CRITICAL ... infarction - Pulmonary ... Neuroleptic malignant syndrome ... - Sickle cell disease ... Postmyocardiotomy syndrome
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
Behçet's Syndrome ... association • M > F Clinical ... tests in Behcet syndrome ... (Clinical Dx). ... azathioprine • Severe or refractory
Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA)
ANA or Anti-NucIear Antibody refers to antibodies against antigens in the nucleus → like
ANA ≠ Autoimmune Disease ... likely it will be clinically ... SLE), Sjogren's Syndrome ... Arthritis, Sjögren Syndrome ... , Interstitial Pulmonary
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (HPS) demonstrated on Echocardiogram Bubble Study

Intra-cardiac shunt: Bubbles appear in LA quickly (within 3
Hepatopulmonary ... Syndrome (HPS) demonstrated ... beats) Intra-pulmonary ... #HPS #Hepatopulmonary ... Bubble #Study #clinical