102 results
Type IV Hypersensitivity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Definition: Unique because it is entirely T-Cell mediated; exposure to
mediated; exposure to allergen ... causes development ... of allergen-specific ... Allergic reaction ... Initial exposure to allergen
Complement 1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) Deficiency Testing Algorithm
INDICATIONS FOR TESTING:
 • Recurrent angioedema (without urticaria)
 •
Complement 1 esterase ... abdominal pain and vomitting ... ARUPLabs #C1INH #Complement ... Testing #Algorithm #allergy
Hypersensitivity Types and Their Mechanisms
Type I - lgE - Soluble antigen
 - Allergen-specific lgE antibodies bind
Soluble antigen - Allergen-specific ... When the specific allergen ... antigen, leading to complement ... Complement activation ... Pathophysiology #Allergy
Angioedema - Classification Diagnosis and Treatment
Types of Angioedema:
 • Acute allergic angioedema - Usually occurs with
Angioedema: • Acute allergic ... exposure • Non-allergic ... cell-mediated in > 90% of cases ... or avoiding the allergen ... Treatment #management #allergy
Causes of Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis
Inherited
 • Membrane
 • Internal
    - Hemoglobin
Causes of Hemolytic ... Antibody/DAT+ - Complement ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Summary table of types of hypersensitivity reactions. 
Type 1
 - Mediators: lgE
 - Antigen Form: Soluble
Mechanism of Action: Allergen-specific ... lgE causes mast-cell ... antigens, leading to complement ... they activate complement ... reactions #types #allergy
Eosinophils (Eos) and hypereosinophilia (HE)
Caused by eosinophilopoietic cytokines
Common causes:
 - Drug reaction
 - Helminth infection
 -
hypereosinophilia (HE) Caused ... cytokines Common causes ... infection - Allergic ... disease Rare causes ... + T cells) - Allergic
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts ... staining (lg + complement ... MGPN • Complement ... of alternative complement ... MPGN without complement
NAACP mnemonic for the major causes of Eosinophilia 
N = Neoplasia (CML, Hodgkins lymphoma) 
A =
for the major causes ... lymphoma) A = Allergy ... #Differential #Causes
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
pathophysiologic causes ... staining): • Low Complement ... Idiopathic • Normal Complement