21 results
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Respiratory or Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... - Diarrhea - Renal ... of Metabolic Alkalosis ... Interpretation #Diagnosis
Approach to Acid Base Disorders - Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis
1) Start with the Anion Gap (AG).
2)
and Differential Diagnosis ... of H+, Renal loss ... retention • Respiratory ... Ventilation • Respiratory ... Disorders #Evaluation #workup
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Periodic paralysis Alkalosis ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Renal artery stenosis ... Differential #Algorithm #Diagnosis ... #Causes #Workup
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Hypomagnesemia - Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Elevated ... excretion of Cl > 0.5% Clinical ... autosomal dominant kidney ... of echogenic kidneys
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... alkalosis - Fistulas ... - Diarrhea • RENAL ... unloading • Kidney ... metabolic alkalosis
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... Diagnosis ECF ... reversal of chronic respiratory ... diuretics after renal ... #Diagnosis #Causes
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... - AKI Workup Algorithm ... and Differential Diagnosis ... osmolarity If cause ... investigations depending on clinical
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... disturbance, or acute kidney ... hypokalemia and metabolic ... alkalosis. 7. ... 109 mm Hg) with clinical
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... suggests extra-renal ... causes • Laxative ... Alkalosis: Emesis ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Phosphatase Of Clinical ... tubule of the kidney ... Most cases diagnosed ... : - respiratory ... Nephrolithiasis • Metabolic