6 results
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
papilledema, heart failure ... eg, presence of renal ... : Renal artery stenosis ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Renal parenchymal
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
contribution of liver or renal ... before beginning treatment ... deficiency - Renal ... lactate production Renal ... #typea #typeb #classification
Treatment algorithm for malignancy-associated hypercalcemia.
Hypercalcemia
 - Renal Failure → Dialysis with low Ca++ bath
Aggressive IV hydration
Treatment algorithm ... Hypercalcemia - Renal ... Failure → Dialysis ... Calcitonin Refractory Cases ... algorithm #management #endocrinology
Management of Hyponatremia
Hypertonic Saline - Only indicated if patient has severe symptoms + Na < 125
Give
all • Heart Failure ... SIADH — look for cause ... hourly • Identify Cause ... give specific treatment ... considerations: Addison's, Renal
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
or acute liver failure ... vasodilation → ↓ renal ... perfusion + ↑ renal ... • Renal vasoconstriction ... Classification:
Fluid Responsiveness and Fluid Tolerance Testing - OnePager Summary
Fluid resuscitation can be beneficial when required or
lower risk of renal ... failure. ... cardiac output causes ... precede other signs ... #criticalcare #comparison