21 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
hematuria • Signs ... Diagnostic of GN or vasculitis ... thrombosis • Renal ... Sickle cell) • Renal ... TURP/Biopsy Renal
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
cause adrenal calcification ... Lung cancer • Renal ... Reduced libido • Signs ... addisons #disease #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #signs
Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Medical Comorbidities Malignancies (most commonly hairy-cell leukemia)
Immunogenetic Predisposition: patient is
Viral replication causes ... Hypertension - Renal ... ischemia - Heart failure ... Pathophysiology #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms #Vasculitis
Shock Classification Types - Pathophysiology Comparison

Obstructive Shock:
 • Obstructive shock is characterized by a blockage in
Shock Classification ... Pathophysiology Comparison ... in blood flow caused ... Depends on the cause ... leading to organ failure
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
papilledema, heart failure ... eg, presence of renal ... : Renal artery stenosis ... • Endocrinologic ... Renal parenchymal
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
pulmonary and renal ... tract, and often causes ... purpura: strong sign ... • Urinalysis (Renal ... #rheumatology #classification
Shock - Differential Diagnosis Framework
MAP = CO x SVR
Hypovolemic (↓ Intravascular volume):
 • Hemorrhage, dehydration due
dehydration due to renal ... Vascular → PE, PAH ... findings based on cause ... infusion reactions, adrenal ... Diagnosis #table #comparison
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
Pulmonary Renal ... hemorrhage (DAH) & renal ... failure (glomerulonephritis ... pulmonary and renal ... BMP (quantify renal
IgA Vasculitis – Henoch Scholein Purpura: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 - Infectious Agents - 50% have
Colicky abdominal pain ... periumbilical region), nausea ... Intussusception - Renal ... nephritic syndrome, renal ... Pathophysiology #Diagnosis #Signs
Varicocele: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Primary:
 - Anatomically: the left spermatic vein drains into the left renal
into the left renal ... Effect: The left renal ... blood in left renal ... Secondary: - Renal ... valve leaflet failure