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Chest Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Chest Pain:
 • Myocardium:
	- Myocarditis
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
	- Myopericarditis
- Tamponade Pulmonary ... Pain: • Chest Wall ... Alveoli: - CHF - Pneumonia ... • Pleura: - Effusion ... #Causes #Cardiology
Chest Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiovascular Causes:
 - Outflow Obstruction
     • Aortic
- Differential Diagnosis ... Hypertension - Chest Wall ... • Pleural Effusion ... Parenchymal • Pneumonia ... ChestPain #Noncardiac #Cardiology
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Simplified A-a (assumes Room ... Loss of Chest Wall ... Atelectasis, ARDS, Pneumonia ... Disease and more • Diffusion ... #differential #diagnosis
Empyema Necessitans (EN) on Chest POCUS

Pulmonary teaching case: you are called to the bedside of a
Pulmonary teaching ... was admitted for pneumonia ... - What’s the diagnosis ... infected pleural effusion ... into the chest wall
Pulmonary complications of targeted therapy
-Immune checkpoint inhibitors (e.g. pembrolizumab)
-Pneumonitis is uncommon (~5% of patients) but can
Pulmonary complications ... pnuemonitis, as well ... There are case reports ... of pleural effusion ... #Radiology #Honc
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
simply a clinical diagnosis ... ADHF typically fall ... to be in ADHF starts ... with presence of pulmonary ... algorithm #management #cardiology
Authors: Mark M. Ramzy, DO, EMT-P (@MarkRamzyDO, EM Resident Physician, Drexel University, Department of Emergency Medicine)
24, SpO2 88% on room ... This post will focus ... Due to their short ... lateral chest wall ... #Radiology #CTChest