1945 results
HFrEF - Low Ejection Fraction on Physical Exam - Likelihood Ratios
 - Displaced Apical Impulse
 -
HFrEF - Low Ejection ... Respirations - S3 ... Valsalva Response #HFrEF ... #LowEF #PhysicalExam
Congestive Heart Failure - Causes, Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis
 • Dilated Cardiomyopathy 
 • Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Cardiomyopathy HFrEF ... Infectious • Other HFpEF ... Diagnosis #cardiology #HFrEF ... #HFpEF #CHF
Cardiac Auscultation Practice - S3 Gallop

S3: add this extra heart sound by tapping second finger twice

Setup:
Auscultation Practice - S3 ... Gallop S3: add ... ptfaddenMD #S3 ... Auscultation #Practice #PhysicalExam
Apical Impulse Waveforms on Physical Examination
- Normal
- Sustained Palpable S4
- "Triple Ripple"
- Palpable S3

#Apical #Impulse #Waveforms
Ripple" - Palpable S3 ... Impulse #Waveforms #PhysicalExam
Oral Antihypertensive Medications - Selection by Comorbidities
Comorbidities: 
 • Stable Angina, HFpEF, HFrEF, AFib, TAA/Marfan, Aortic
Stable Angina, HFpEF ... , HFrEF, AFib, TAA
Cardiac Auscultation Practice - S4 Gallop

S4: add this extra heart sounds by tapping first finger twice

Setup:
ptfaddenMD #S3 ... Auscultation #Practice #PhysicalExam
Acute Heart Failure Exacerbation - Diagnostic Likelihood Ratios
+LR > 3.5:
 • Overall judgement of ED physician
failure • JVD • S3 ... #heartfailure #physicalexam
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Ejection Fraction (HFrEF ... abdominojugular, reflux s3 ... *Chronic HFrEF may ... Jcortesizaguirr #HFrEF
Stages in the development of HF and recommended therapy by stage. ACEI indicates angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor;
heart failure; HFpEF ... ejection fraction; HFrEF
"Suggested management of chronic heart failure. Adapted from the 2016 European Society of Cardiology guidelines"-McMaster Textbook
Pharmacotherapy of HFrEF ... CHF #Management #HFrEF