11 results
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
pressure - Normal/low ... - Absent Serum ... albumin - Low ... - Present Serum ... #Diagnosis
Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG) - Differential Diagnosis
High albumin gradient (>1.1 g/dl):
 - Cirrhosis	
 - Alcoholic
Serum Ascites Albumin ... Gradient (SAAG) ... Mixed ascites" Low ... without cirrhosis - Nephrotic ... #hepatology
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
three primary pathophysiologic ... causes differentiated ... staining): • Low ... Post-strep GN, Lupus Nephritis ... #differential #diagnosis
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

What?
CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
: • Low serum IgG ... 300 mg/dL) • Low ... DDX - Other causes ... hypogammaglobulinemia: • Nephrotic ... hypogammaglobulinemia #immunology #hematology
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Most cases diagnosed ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... Phosphatase: • Other causes ... • Elevation of serum ... Hyophosphatasia #hepatology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... algorithm Urine Na+K / serum ... failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... #differential #diagnosis ... table #sodium #nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
in monitoring low-level ... expensive Serum ... infections are common causes ... testing #workup #diagnosis ... #nephritic #nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease
1) 24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
in monitoring low-level ... infections are common causes ... disease #workup #diagnosis ... initial #testing #nephrology ... #nephrotic #nephritis
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
high WBC count cause ... contents into serum ... , Elevated Cr, Low ... Syndrome #TLS #diagnosis ... #management #hematology
Monoclonal Gammopathy of Renal Significance (MGRS)

MGRS
• MGRS refers to kidney disease caused by nephrotoxic monoclonal immunoglobulins
kidney disease caused ... by nephrotoxic ... • Nephrotic-range ... • Serum/urine ... Damages Kidneys • Low